How Disputes Work
Under the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA), you have the right to dispute any inaccurate or incomplete information on your credit report. This guide walks you through the entire process.
Overview
When you find an error on your credit report, you can file a dispute with the credit bureau reporting that information. By law, the bureau must investigate your claim within 30 days (sometimes 45) and either verify, update, or delete the disputed item.
If the bureau cannot verify the information with the original creditor (the "furnisher"), they must remove it from your report. This is the foundation of credit repair.
What Can You Dispute?
You can dispute any information that is:
Inaccurate
The information is simply wrong (e.g., wrong balance, wrong dates, wrong payment status).
Incomplete
Missing information that paints an unfair picture (e.g., showing a collection but not the original account).
Unverifiable
The creditor cannot prove the debt belongs to you with original documentation.
Outdated
Information that should have aged off (most negative items must be removed after 7 years).
The Dispute Process
Identify the Error
Review your credit report carefully in Sable. We organize your report to highlight negative items. Look for discrepancies in balances, dates, or account status.
Gather Evidence
If available, find supporting documents like bank statements, cancelled checks, or letters from creditors. While not always required, evidence makes your dispute stronger.
Generate the Letter
Use Sable's AI to generate a dispute letter. The AI selects the best legal arguments and formatting based on your specific error type.
Send the Dispute
Send the letter to the bureau(s). Sable can mail it for you via Certified Mail (recommended), or you can print and mail it yourself.
Wait for Investigation
The bureau has 30 days to investigate. They will contact the creditor to verify the data. If the creditor doesn't respond, the item gets deleted.
Review Results
You'll receive a response in the mail (or online). Outcomes include: Deleted, Updated, or Verified.
Do's and Don'ts
| DO THIS | NOT THIS |
|---|---|
| Be specific. State exactly what is wrong (e.g., "Balance is $0, not $500"). | Be vague. "This account is wrong" gives the bureau a reason to dismiss it as frivolous. |
| Dispute one or two items per letter. Keeps the investigation focused. | Dispute everything at once. "Blanket disputes" are often flagged as frivolous. |
| Use Certified Mail. Provides legal proof of delivery and starts the 30-day clock. | Dispute online (usually). Online portals often require you to waive rights to sue or limit your dispute reasons. |
| Follow up. If verified, send a more specific "Method of Verification" letter. | Give up after one try. Many deletions happen in Round 2 or 3. |
What Happens Next?
If your dispute is successful, you should see the change reflected on your credit report within 30-45 days.
If your dispute was denied (verified), you have options:
- Re-dispute — Send a procedural request asking for "Method of Verification"
- Dispute with the creditor directly — Sometimes more effective than going through the bureau
- File a complaint — With the CFPB if you believe your rights were violated
